Social Security Trust Fund is Empty

More people believe in UFOs than in the future of social security.

Sen. Rod Grams

Beginning in 2008, 74 million baby boomers will become eligible for retirement, and the Social Security system will begin to collapse. From that point on, we will have more retirees than ever and fewer workers paying into the Social Security system.

To put this into perspective, before the "baby boom" generation, there were 100 workers for every retiree. But as these same baby boomers begin to retire, that number is projected eventually to drop to merely two workers per retiree.

Rep. Mark Sanford

Foresight is something folks in Washington could use right about now. At the beginning of April, the Social Security trustees told Americans that the nation's retirement system would go bankrupt about 24 months later than we had expected. According to their calculations, the wolf will not be at the door until early next century.

In 1998, Social Security ran a $100 billion surplus. Washington spent $30 billion, and the remaining $70 billion paid down existing federal debt. Not a penny was used to pay for Social Security reform.

As a working person who is concerned about retirement security, I am especially concerned and incensed at Congress and the Federal government for collecting excess Social Security "contributions" and placing them into a mythical Trust Fund. The net effect of these excess "contributions" is to artificially reduce the Federal deficit--without any savings accumulation for future Social Security benefits.

These are the Facts
  • Excess Social Security contributions, coming from equal amounts paid by employee and employer taxes, currently provide more money than is currently spent on Social Security benefits.
  • Excess Social Security contributions will accumulate until about 2012 at which time expenditures will exceed contributions.
  • The Social Security Trust Fund will accumulate about 2.6 Trillion Dollars worth of excess Social Security contributions.
  • Increasing numbers of retirees will cause higher Social Security expenditures after 2012 that will exhaust the 2.9 Trillion Dollars in the Trust Fund around 2029.
  • The excess Social Security contributions said to be in the Trust Fund have already been placed in the General Fund and have been spent.
  • The more than 100 Billion Dollars in annual excess Social Security contributions have been used to reduce the Federal deficit or produce a "surplus." (The deficit or surplus is basically the amount of money deposited in the general fund minus the amount of money spent.)
  • The Federal government places nonnegotiable government bonds in the Trust Fund.
  • Government bonds are essentially IOUs that the Federal Government will attempt to honor through its taxing power, borrowing ability, and money printing authority.

Is this confusing? Is this unbelievable?

Your representatives in Congress have been supporting this fictitious Trust Fund for too many years. It's time for a change.

Is There Really a Trust Fund?
Task Force Hearing, June 8, 1999
Introductory Statement of Chairman Nick Smith

It is in this role as a savings account that the Trust Fund could fail. It cannot work because it holds no independent assets. Though the Trust Fund is backed by government securities, these have a different meaning than they would for you or me. If I hold a government bond, I have an asset that the government will give me money for or that I can sell at any time. If the government holds a bond, however, its obligation to give itself money is meaningless. The government cannot make these bonds good, as needed in 2014, except by borrowing, reducing other expenditures or taxing citizens.


Interesting Quotes

David Brinkley
This Week with David Brinkley (ABC News)
August 16, 1992
[To President Bush:] You mentioned Social Security. The trust fund consists, increasingly, of IOU's sent over by Congress, which keeps spending the money.


Lars-Erik Nelson
Newsday
March 5, 1995

. . . [A] s this week's debate over the Balanced Budget Amendment should have shown, Social Security taxes are being used to offset the federal budget deficit. The Social Security trust fund is operating in surplus, taking in $70 billion more this year than it is paying out. The extra revenues are used to buy Treasury bonds that finance the general operating costs of government.

Such use of Social Security revenues, as Sen. Daniel Patrick Moynihan (D-N.Y.) once said, is theft.... By making the deficit appear to be $70 billion smaller than it actually is, this "embezzlement" of your FICA contributions (a word used by the late Republican Sen. John Heinz of Pennsylvania) also reduces pressure to increase income taxes on wealthier Americans.


Editorial
The New York Times
March 18, 1991

If Congress had acted responsibly, it would have used the trust money to lower the deficit, thereby pumping billions into private capital markets, or to finance public investments. Either choice would have sparked economic growth and raised the income of future taxpayers which is the only way Congress can lighten the burden of paying future retirees. But what Congress did instead was to use the trust funds to pay ordinary bills. The Treasury has borrowed from the trust, in effect masking a high and rising Federal deficit. Senator John Heinz of Pennsylvania has labeled these loans "embezzlement," but his accusation is hyperbolic. Come 2020, Congress will have to raise taxes to pay off the loans. Ultimately, taxpayers, not the trust fund, protect future retirees.


Editorial
USA Today
May 30, 1996

"Should Social Security go private? . . . Its trust fund is a fraud used chiefly to mask the size of the federal deficit . . . Social Security surpluses now are spent immediately on other federal programs. The trust fund's assets that opponents to change count on are nothing but a pile of federal IOUs. Boomers will have to depend on the generosity of workers to pay thousands more in taxes. Or of lenders to loan the government trillions of dollars at reasonable rates. Or they'll see their benefits slashed a third."


Speaker Newt Gingrich
Nationally televised address
April 7, 1995

In fact, the money the government has supposedly been putting aside from the Baby Boomers' Social Security taxes is not there. The government has been borrowing the money to pay for the budget deficit. The Social Security Trust Fund is simply IOUs from the U.S. Treasury.... [Social Security] would be fine if the government would stop borrowing the money.


Senator Ernest "Fritz" Hollings (D-South Carolina)
Congressional Record
April 24, 1991

The truth is that the Social Security Trust Fund has already been stripped bare. There is no trust and no fund.

It is a lot like the S&Ls. The savings and loans had a lot of real estate on the books, a lot of property, a lot of shopping centers, a lot of deposits, and everything else, until you looked inside and found out there was nothing there. The assets were mostly on paper.... Meanwhile, the Social Security cupboard is bare.
What Can We Do to be Faithful to the American Worker?

Now, the $250 Billion Dollar question:

In order to pay excess benefits after the year 2012, where will the Federal government get hundreds of billions of dollars each year to redeem the non-negotiable bonds in the Trust Fund?

The ratio of workers paying Social Security taxes to retirees receiving benefits is getting worse. There were 16.5 workers for each Social Security recipient in 1950. Today there are only 3.2 workers per recipient. According to current projections, in 2030 there will be fewer than 2 workers per recipient.

How will fewer workers be able to bare the burden of paying for the increasing number of Social Security recipients?

Two facts are critical:

  1. The United States population is not increasing fast enough to supply the additional workers required to support the "baby boomer" Social Security recipients.
  2. The number of Social Security recipients will increase as the "baby boomers" begin to retire.

The solution must respond to those two critical points. The solution must do the following:

  1. Increase the number of workers who can pay into the Social Security system to accommodate the increasing number of recipients.
  2. The number of recipients must be reduced from projections beginning by the year 2028.

We must make some hard choices to keep the faith that workers have in the Social Security system. The following are the policies I believe can help to save the Social Security system in the near term and reduce our dependence on Social Security in the long run.

Increase Employment

We must allow additional Employment Based immigration of young, professional college educated workers who, through their employer contributions will continue to support Social Security.

The following are the classifications of immigrants

  • Restricted Categories
    1. Employment Based - Up to 144,000 annually (priority workers, professionals, other workers, special immigrants, employment creation)
    2. Family Sponsored -- Up to 226,000 annually (unmarried adult children of citizens, spouses and unmarried adult children of lawful permanent residents, married adult children of citizens, siblings of citizens)
  • Unrestricted
    1. Immediate family members of US citizens (unmarried minor children, spouses, and parents)
    2. Refugees / Asylees
    3. Other (families of legalized aliens, diversity transition visas, special Cuban migration, persons from the former Soviet Union)
  • Illegal Immigration

Currently, sponsors of new immigrants must demonstrate incomes of at least 125% of the poverty level for the past 3 years and sign a legally binding affidavit of support. The sponsor may be joined by other household members or by a third party who co-signs the affidavit of support. The sponsors are financially responsible to support the immigrant until the immigrant becomes a US citizen or completes 40 quarters of work-related contributions to the Social Security system.

To increase the number of immigrant works capable of contributing to Social Security through their employers and to reduce dependence on government support, we need to:

  • Triple the number of employment based immigrants, primarily increasing the number of higher earning priority workers and professionals.
  • Require that sponsors of new immigrants demonstrate incomes of at least twice (200% of) the current poverty level.
  • Eliminate loopholes that allow illegal immigrants to remain in the US.

These measures will substantially increase the average earnings of immigrants and consequently their employer contributions to Social Security. They will also increase employment in unrelated sectors to support the increased number of workers and their families.

Reliance on Earnings Produces Wealth

The amount available in the government Trust Fund for each retiree does not in any way compare with would could be available if the funds were invested in the free market economy.

How can a young person starting out at age 20 can accumulate over $1,000,000?

How can a young person retire with an income of 45% of their working salary instead of a fixed income of almost 15% of their working salary?

How?

If the Social Security (FICA) money taken out of a pay check were placed in relatively safe investments instead of being given to the government.

A young person starting out at age 20 making $20,000 a year can invest 7.5% of this income (which would be "contributed" to Social Security trust fund). This money could be invested in the bank, bonds, mutual funds, real estate, or other investments. What if these investments gained only 7.3% a year, and the worker averages a 3% increase in salary each year (including raises and better jobs)? At age 65 your retirement fund will be nearly $756,000.

The good news is, after taking 45% of your salary (even with 3% increases each year), you will continue to accumulate over $1,000,000 by age 84!

When a person dies, all the money in their account would go to their family, not be kept by the government. That's a substantial amount of wealth.

The Only Way for the Little Guy to Get Rich!

At retirement Social Security benefits provide typically about 15-20% of the worker's annual pre-retirement income. With private savings, the retiree could take out 45% of his or her pre-retirement income from the account and still have over $988,000 at age 100. And this includes a 3% "raise" in retirement benefits each and every year.

Privatization of Social Security is necessary. We must allow those aged 30 to 45 to invest a sliding proportion of their personal Social Security contributions in regulated private investments, similar to 401(k) programs. Social Security retirement benefits for this group would be proportionally reduced.

Those workers aged 29 and below would not receive Social Security benefits. Instead, they would be allowed to invest at least the amount of their Social Security contribution in private investments, again similar to a 401(k) program. This fund would accumulate and provide a retirement benefit.

Those aged 46 and above would continue to contribute to Social Security and receive tradition retirement benefits.

Employer contributions to Social Security must continue for the near term to in order to support the program for those remaining in it. Social Security, as is presently known, would be phased out as younger workers retired using their own investments. Other programs would be available to care for the disabled or those with low lifetime incomes.

This system is fair.

It's fair to our older folks who now depend on Social Security. It's fair to those who are too old to really accumulate a good nest egg for retirement. It provides them the security of the current fixed income Social Security program.

It's fair to those who can acutally accumulate a subtantial nest egg. It provides them a real retirement fund rather than IOUs from their neighbors.

It's honest.

The truth is the government always misuses money. Your career politicians have a strong desire to control the spending of as much money as possible. Their honor and presteige depends on the size of the budgets they control, not on whether they did the right things for the people back home who elected them. That's the honest truth.

You can honestly control and manage your money better than career government politicians. Your retirement money belongs with you, not with public servents hungry for power.

This is the best system.

Any elderly person would gladly see his or her grandson or grandaughter retire a millionaire rather than depend on the government for a relatively fixed income. Those living on a fixed income know there must be a better way. Let's listen to them!

As a young person, you know your grandparents would wish that for you. And, you would wish that for yourself.

You may want to visit the Social Security website.

Social Security Administration


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